Antibacterial Potential of Aqueous and Hydro-Ethanolic Extracts of Four Plants against Pathogens Present in the Poultry Industry
Bonny Aya Carole *
Laboratory of Biotechnology, Agriculture and Valuation of Biological Resources, Department of Biosciences, Felix Houphouet-Boigny University, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d´Ivoire.
Benie Comoé Koffi Donatien
Laboratory of Biotechnology, Agriculture and Valuation of Biological Resources, Department of Biosciences, Felix Houphouet-Boigny University, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d´Ivoire and Department of Bacteriology and Virology, National Center Reference for Antibiotics, Pasteur Institute of Côte d´Ivoire (IPCI) Abidjan, 01 BP 490 Abidjan 01, Côte d’Ivoire.
Assandi Kouamé Rivière
Laboratory of Biochemistry, Biotechnology and Food Sciences (LaBBSA), Science and Technology Training and Research Unit, Alassane OUATTARA University, BP V 1801, Bouaké, Côte d’Ivoire.
Ouattara Moussa Soma
Laboratory of Biotechnology, Agriculture and Valuation of Biological Resources, Department of Biosciences, Felix Houphouet-Boigny University, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d´Ivoire.
Atobla Koua
Laboratory of Biotechnology, Agriculture and Valuation of Biological Resources, Department of Biosciences, Felix Houphouet-Boigny University, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d´Ivoire.
Dissinviel Stéphane Kpoda
University Center of ZINIARE/Joseph Ki-Zerbo University, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
Karou Tago Germain
Laboratory of Biotechnology, Agriculture and Valuation of Biological Resources, Department of Biosciences, Felix Houphouet-Boigny University, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d´Ivoire.
Guessend Nathalie
Department of Bacteriology and Virology, National Center Reference for Antibiotics, Pasteur Institute of Côte d´Ivoire (IPCI) Abidjan, 01 BP 490 Abidjan 01, Côte d’Ivoire.
Dadié Adjehi Thomas
Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Sciences et Technologies for Foods, Nangui Abrogoua University, 02 BP 801 Abidjan 02, Côte d'Ivoire.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance poses a significant threat to animal production, particularly poultry farming. The aim of this study was to combat avian diseases using plant extracts with antibacterial activity. Four plants, including Abrus precatorius, Heterotis rotundifolia, Sida acuta, and Tectona grandis, were used in the study. Extraction of phytochemical compounds by the Soxhlet method allowed evaporation of solvents to obtain aqueous and hydro-ethanolic extracts. The antibacterial activity of the extracts against presumptive pathogenic strains was determined using the Müller-Hinton agar diffusion method. Extraction yields showed significant differences at the 5% level, ranging from 7.33 ± 0.15 a% to 11.37 ± 0.42 a% (aqueous) and from 9.53 ± 0.15 b% to 13.5 ± 0.2 b% (hydro-ethanolic). Extracts of Abrus precatorius and Sida acuta exhibited a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against Y. enterocolitica and S. aureus (diameter between 15 and 19 mm). The S. enterica strains studied were susceptible to both aqueous and hydro-ethanolic extracts of Tectona grandis and Abrus precatorius (diameter between 9 and 14 mm). Plant extracts active against pathogenic strains could be used to control avian pathogens, thereby ensuring food security for the population.
Keywords: Aqueous extracts, hydro-ethanolic extracts, antibacterial activities, avian pathogens