Occurrence of Aflatoxins in Rice Intended for Infant Flour Production in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
Hamidou Compaoré *
DTA/IRSAT/CNRST, 03 BP 7047 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
Serge Samandoulougou
DTA/IRSAT/CNRST, 03 BP 7047 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
Clarisse S. Compaoré
DTA/IRSAT/CNRST, 03 BP 7047 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
Alima Bambara
Laboratoire de Biochimie, Biotechnologie, Technologie Alimentaire et Nutrition (LABIOTAN), Département de Biochimie-Microbiologie, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
Hissein Ratongué
Université Catholique de l’Afrique de l’Ouest, Unité Universitaire à Bobo-Dioulasso (UCAO/UUB), 1052 Bobo-Dioulasso, Burkina Faso.
Lassina Traoré
Laboratoire de Biochimie, Biotechnologie, Technologie Alimentaire et Nutrition (LABIOTAN), Département de Biochimie-Microbiologie, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
Hagrétou Sawadogo-Lingani
DTA/IRSAT/CNRST, 03 BP 7047 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
A total of four samples of rice intended for infant flour production in Ouagadougou were received at the Physico-chemistry laboratory of Food Technology Department (DTA) for quality control. The latter were also tested for Aspergillus section Flavi presence and analyzed for aflatoxins B1, B2, G1 and G2 content using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Among the twenty (20) strains of mold isolated from these samples, three Aspergillus section Flavi were obtained and cultivated in “Aspergillus flavus and parasiticus Agar (AFPA)” to ascertain if they belong to Aspergillus flavus or Aspergillus parasiticus species. The qualitative ability of aflatoxin production was also performed by fluorescence emission under ultra violet light at 365 nm after four days of incubation at 30 °C on Coconut Agar Medium (CAM). Statistical analysis results showed that 75% of samples were contaminated with total aflatoxins (AFs) with contents ranging from 0.54 ± 0.06 to 2.40 ± 0.07 µg/Kg. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and aflatoxin B2 (AFB2) were detected in two contaminated samples. AFB1 had the highest concentration as compared with other aflatoxins. A significant level of contamination (p< 0.0001) was observed in sample R441 compared to other sample types.
Keywords: Aflatoxins, Rice, identification, Aspergillus, Burkina Faso