Multi-Drug Resistant Campylobacter jejuni of Poultry Origin in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
O. O. Jegede
Ekiti State Ministry of Health, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
A. O. Ajayi
Department of Microbiology, Federal University, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
G. O. Daramola *
Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria and Department of Pure Sciences, National Open University of Nigeria, Ado-Ekiti Study Centre, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
A. Ojo
Ekiti State College of Health Science and Technology, Ijero-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
A. Egbebi
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
O. O. Ogunfolakan
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
A. O. Ojerinde
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Federal University, Oye-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
E. M. Aluko
Ministry of Health and Human Services, Secretariat Complex, Ado Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The occurrence of Campylobacter jejeni in the large intestine of domestic fowls in Ado-Ekiti was assessed using standard microbiological procedures. One hundred faecal swabs were inoculated into modified cefoperazone charcoal deoxycholate agar (mCCDA). Twenty-seven isolates of Campylobacter jejeni were recovered from the birds. Biochemical identification of the isolates was carried out using oxidase and catalase tests. Antibiotic susceptibility test was carried out using standard disc diffusion method as specified by the Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI), to the following antibiotics; amoxicillin, cefoperazone, ceftazidime, aztreonam, ceftriaxone, pefloxacin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, enrofloxacin and norfloxacin. The pattern of resistance was as follows; Amoxicillin (66.7%), cefoperazone (48.1%), ceftazidime (66.7%), aztreonam (40.7%), ceftriaxone (74.15), pefloxacin (51.9%), ciprofloxacin (33.3%), levofloxacin (40.7%), enrofloxacin (22.25) and norfloxacin (59.3%). Twenty-three different multiple resistance pattern were observed among the isolates. The high level resistance observed in this study poses significant health risk to the general public, a synergistic collaboration is therefore suggested between public health policy-makers and researchers to curb this ugly trend.
Keywords: Gene, virulence, Campylobacter jejuni, invasiveness, genetic diversity